![]() ![]() In order to eliminate these problems the USGA and The R&A, working with the various existing handicapping authorities, devised a new World Handicap System which was phased in globally in 2020. most use a common course rating system, they are not easily portable because their differences create difficulties in converting handicaps between systems. While these systems share some common features, e.g. By the early 21st century, there were six major recognized handicapping systems in operation around the world: USGA Handicap System, EGA Handicap System, CONGU Unified Handicap System, Golf Australia Handicap System, South African Handicap System, and Argentinian Handicap System. Īs the sport grew globally, associations around the world each created or adapted their own rules relating to handicaps. ![]() USGA Course and Slope Ratings now form the basis of many other handicap systems. However the most significant change was the creation of the slope rating system, which enables handicaps to allow for differences in difficulty between scratch and bogey golfers. The USGA Handicap System has further developed through the years, with an increase to the number of scores used for handicap calculations, the introduction of Equitable Stroke Control, and improvements to the course rating system. Having initially allowed clubs to determine their own par ratings, the USGA quickly changed their minds and began assigning ratings. It also made clear that a player's handicap was intended to reflect their potential rather than average play. The biggest development was a "par rating" system that assessed the average good score of a scratch golfer on every course, which made the handicap more portable. Introduced in 1911, the first national handicap system was based on the British three score average system. In the United States there was a single authority governing the sport, the USGA, which made moving to a single standard handicapping scheme somewhat easier. It was not until the formation of the British Golf Unions Joint Advisory Committee in 1924 that the men's game fully coordinated to create an equitable handicap system, that included a uniform course rating, throughout Great Britain and Ireland the Standard Scratch Score and Handicapping Scheme was introduced in 1926. This was largely achieved by means of union assigned course ratings, instead of clubs using their own. One of the first standard and equitable handicap systems was introduced by the Ladies Golf Union (LGU) in the 1890s. In an attempt to remedy the problems with a fairly basic handicap system, along with many variations of that system and other systems also being used, the authorities in Great Britain and Ireland sought to standardize. Another issue was the lack of consideration in the system for the varying difficulties of different courses which meant the handicap was not very portable. As the sport grew, so did discontent with the fairness of handicapping, with less proficient players being particularly unhappy as it was much less likely for them to play to the standard of their three score average. ĭuring the late 19th century, taking the difference between the average of a golfer's best three scores during the year and par became the most widely used method of handicapping in England and Scotland. According to The Golfer's Manual by Henry Brougham Farnie, examples of agreed terms included "third-one" (one stroke every three holes), "half-one" (one stroke every two holes), "one more" (a stroke a hole) and "two more" (two strokes a hole). The number of strokes to be given and the holes on which they would be in effect was negotiated between competing golfers prior to the start of play. The earliest record of golf handicapping is thought to be from the late 17th century, in a diary kept by Thomas Kincaid, who was a student in Edinburgh, Scotland, although the word handicap would not come into use in golf until the late 19th century. ![]()
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